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Gastrointestinal Disorders: Mepenzolate bromide is primarily used to treat gastrointestinal disorders such as peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and gastritis. It works by reducing muscle spasms and cramping in the gastrointestinal tract, which can help alleviate symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating, and discomfort.
Anticholinergic Effects: Mepenzolate bromide belongs to a class of drugs known as anticholinergics, which block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in muscle contraction. By inhibiting cholinergic activity, mepenzolate bromide helps relax smooth muscles in the gastrointestinal tract, leading to decreased motility and relief from symptoms of gastrointestinal disorders.
Symptom Relief: In conditions like IBS, mepenzolate bromide can help relieve symptoms such as abdominal cramps, spasms, diarrhea, and urgency. It may also be used to manage symptoms associated with functional dyspepsia (indigestion) and other functional gastrointestinal disorders.
Ulcer Treatment: Mepenzolate bromide may be prescribed as part of the treatment regimen for peptic ulcers, helping to reduce acid secretion and decrease gastric motility, which can promote healing and reduce ulcer-related symptoms such as pain and discomfort.
Adjunctive Therapy: Mepenzolate bromide is often used as adjunctive therapy alongside other medications for gastrointestinal conditions, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) for peptic ulcers or dietary modifications for IBS. It may be particularly beneficial for patients who experience spasms or cramping as a significant component of their symptoms.
Side Effects: Common side effects of mepenzolate bromide may include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, drowsiness, dizziness, and difficulty urinating. These side effects are typically mild and transient but may be bothersome for some individuals.
Contraindications: Mepenzolate bromide is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to the medication, narrow-angle glaucoma, urinary retention, severe ulcerative colitis, or myasthenia gravis. It should be used with caution in patients with conditions such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged prostate) and bladder neck obstruction.
Drug Interactions: Mepenzolate bromide may interact with other medications that have anticholinergic effects, such as tricyclic antidepressants, antihistamines, and certain antipsychotics. Concurrent use of mepenzolate bromide with these medications may increase the risk of side effects such as dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention.
Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
---|---|---|
species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
---|---|---|---|
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0 | 0 | |
Acne | 0 | 0 | |
ADHD | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
Allergies | 0.8 | 0.1 | 7 |
Allergy to milk products | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1 |
Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Alzheimer's disease | 0.7 | 0.8 | -0.14 |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
Anorexia Nervosa | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
Asthma | 0 | 0 | |
Atherosclerosis | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Atrial fibrillation | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.5 |
Autism | 1.6 | 1.1 | 0.45 |
Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Bipolar Disorder | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
Brain Trauma | 0 | 0 | |
Carcinoma | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
Celiac Disease | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0 |
Cerebral Palsy | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 0.9 | 1.2 | -0.33 |
Chronic Kidney Disease | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
Colorectal Cancer | 0.8 | 0 | 0 |
Constipation | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Coronary artery disease | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
COVID-19 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 0.08 |
Crohn's Disease | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.71 |
cystic fibrosis | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
deep vein thrombosis | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
Depression | 1.6 | 1 | 0.6 |
Dermatomyositis | 0.1 | 0 | 0 |
Eczema | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
Endometriosis | 1 | 0.2 | 4 |
Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
Epilepsy | 0.4 | 0 | 0 |
Fibromyalgia | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
gallstone disease (gsd) | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
Glioblastoma | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
Gout | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
Graves' disease | 0 | 0.2 | 0 |
Halitosis | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
Histamine Issues,Mast Cell Issue, DAO Insufficiency | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
hyperglycemia | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0 | 0 | |
hypersomnia | 0 | 0 | |
hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 |
Hypothyroidism | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
Insomnia | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
Intelligence | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Intracranial aneurysms | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
Liver Cirrhosis | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
Long COVID | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.44 |
Low bone mineral density | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
Lung Cancer | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
ME/CFS with IBS | 0.5 | 0.7 | -0.4 |
ME/CFS without IBS | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
Menopause | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Metabolic Syndrome | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.71 |
Mood Disorders | 1.9 | 1 | 0.9 |
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Multiple Sclerosis | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1 |
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
Neuropathy (all types) | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.25 |
NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 0 | 0 | |
Obesity | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2 |
obsessive-compulsive disorder | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.13 |
Osteoarthritis | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
Osteoporosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
pancreatic cancer | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Parkinson's Disease | 0.6 | 0.7 | -0.17 |
Polycystic ovary syndrome | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0 | 0 | |
primary biliary cholangitis | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Psoriasis | 1 | 0.1 | 9 |
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 1 | 0.5 | 1 |
Rosacea | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
Schizophrenia | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
scoliosis | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
Sjögren syndrome | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
Sleep Apnea | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.5 |
Tic Disorder | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
Type 1 Diabetes | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1 |
Type 2 Diabetes | 1.2 | 1 | 0.2 |
Ulcerative colitis | 0.8 | 0.2 | 3 |
Unhealthy Ageing | 1.4 | 0.2 | 6 |
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