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Hyperinsulinism: Diazoxide is commonly used in the management of hyperinsulinism, a condition characterized by excessive secretion of insulin by the pancreas, leading to low blood sugar levels (hypoglycemia). Diazoxide works by inhibiting the release of insulin from pancreatic beta cells, thereby helping to normalize blood sugar levels in individuals with hyperinsulinism.
Congenital Hyperinsulinism (CHI): Diazoxide is particularly effective in the treatment of congenital hyperinsulinism, a rare genetic disorder characterized by abnormal regulation of insulin secretion from the pancreas. In individuals with CHI, diazoxide helps prevent recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia by reducing insulin secretion and promoting glycemic stability.
Insulinoma: Diazoxide may also be used in the management of insulinomas, rare tumors of the pancreas that produce excessive amounts of insulin, leading to hypoglycemia. By inhibiting insulin secretion, diazoxide can help control hypoglycemic symptoms and stabilize blood sugar levels in individuals with insulinomas.
Mechanism of Action: Diazoxide exerts its therapeutic effects by binding to and activating ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels in pancreatic beta cells, which leads to membrane hyperpolarization and inhibition of insulin release. This mechanism helps counteract the excessive insulin secretion characteristic of hyperinsulinism and insulinomas, thereby preventing hypoglycemia.
Oral Administration: Diazoxide is typically administered orally in tablet or suspension form, usually once or twice daily, as directed by a healthcare provider. The dosage may vary depending on the individual's age, weight, medical history, and response to treatment. It's important to follow the prescribed dosage and administration instructions carefully to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels and clinical symptoms is essential during diazoxide therapy to assess treatment response, detect hypoglycemic episodes, and adjust dosage as needed. Close medical supervision is particularly important in individuals with CHI or insulinomas, who may require lifelong treatment with diazoxide to maintain glycemic control.
Side Effects: Common side effects of diazoxide may include fluid retention (edema), sodium and water retention, hypertrichosis (excessive hair growth), gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), and headache. Less common but potentially serious side effects may include hypotension (low blood pressure), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), and hyperglycemia (high blood sugar).
Contraindications: Diazoxide is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to the medication or any of its components. It should be used with caution in individuals with pre-existing cardiovascular disease, fluid retention, electrolyte imbalances, or renal impairment.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
| species | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADHD | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Allergies | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
| Alzheimer's disease | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Asthma | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Atrial fibrillation | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
| Autism | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
| Carcinoma | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| Celiac Disease | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 1 | 0.4 | 1.5 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Constipation | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
| COVID-19 | 0.9 | 1.2 | -0.33 |
| Crohn's Disease | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
| cystic fibrosis | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
| Depression | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.44 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Eczema | 0.1 | 0.7 | -6 |
| Endometriosis | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| Epilepsy | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Fibromyalgia | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
| Glioblastoma | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Gout | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Halitosis | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Histamine Issues,Mast Cell Issue, DAO Insufficiency | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| hyperglycemia | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 1 | 0.4 | 1.5 |
| Insomnia | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Intelligence | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Long COVID | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| Mood Disorders | 1.5 | 1 | 0.5 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 1.2 | 0.3 | 3 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| Obesity | 0.5 | 0.9 | -0.8 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Osteoarthritis | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
| Osteoporosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Parkinson's Disease | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Psoriasis | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Rosacea | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Schizophrenia | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| scoliosis | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 0.1 | 0.4 | -3 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
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