Antidepressant Effects: Venlafaxine is classified as a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). It works by increasing the levels of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain, which are neurotransmitters involved in regulating mood. By enhancing neurotransmitter activity, venlafaxine alleviates symptoms of depression and improves mood in individuals with MDD.
Anxiolytic Effects: In addition to treating depression, venlafaxine is also effective in managing various anxiety disorders, including generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder. Its mechanism of action in anxiety disorders is believed to involve modulation of serotonin and norepinephrine levels in key brain regions associated with anxiety regulation.
Panic Disorder: Venlafaxine is FDA-approved for the treatment of panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. It helps reduce the frequency and severity of panic attacks and associated symptoms, such as palpitations, sweating, trembling, and feelings of impending doom.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD): Venlafaxine is indicated for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder characterized by excessive worry and anxiety about various aspects of life. It helps alleviate symptoms such as persistent nervousness, restlessness, tension, and irritability.
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia): Venlafaxine may be prescribed off-label for the treatment of social anxiety disorder, a condition characterized by intense fear or anxiety in social situations. It can help reduce social anxiety symptoms and improve social functioning.
Dosage Forms: Venlafaxine is available in various dosage forms, including immediate-release tablets, extended-release capsules, and extended-release tablets. The extended-release formulations are designed to provide a sustained release of the medication over time, allowing for once-daily dosing and improved tolerability.
Adverse Effects: Common side effects of venlafaxine may include nausea, headache, dizziness, insomnia, somnolence (drowsiness), dry mouth, constipation, loss of appetite, sweating, and sexual dysfunction. These side effects are usually mild to moderate in intensity and often transient, but they may necessitate dose adjustments or discontinuation of therapy in some cases.
Withdrawal Symptoms: Abrupt discontinuation of venlafaxine may lead to withdrawal symptoms, commonly referred to as discontinuation syndrome. Symptoms may include flu-like symptoms, dizziness, nausea, headache, irritability, insomnia, electric shock sensations (paresthesia), and mood swings. It is important to gradually taper the dose of venlafaxine under medical supervision to minimize the risk of withdrawal symptoms.
Serotonin Syndrome: Like other antidepressants, venlafaxine carries a risk of serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition characterized by excessive serotonin activity in the brain. Serotonin syndrome may occur when venlafaxine is used concomitantly with other serotonergic medications or substances, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), triptans, and certain herbal supplements.
Contraindications: Venlafaxine is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity to the drug or its components. It should not be used concomitantly with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of discontinuing MAOI therapy due to the risk of serotonin syndrome. Venlafaxine should be used with caution in patients with certain medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, hepatic impairment, renal impairment, and seizure disorders.
Impacted of venlafaxine,(prescription) On Probiotics
Rank
Probiotic
Impact
genus
Bifidobacterium
Reduces
species
Akkermansia muciniphila
Reduces
species
Bifidobacterium adolescentis
Reduces
species
Bifidobacterium longum
Reduces
species
Escherichia coli
Reduces
species
Lacticaseibacillus paracasei
Reduces
subspecies
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis
Reduces
subspecies
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum
Reduces
Bacteria Impacted by venlafaxine,(prescription)
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
Impact of venlafaxine,(prescription) on Conditions from US National Library of Medicine
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups.
We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio: Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
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