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Parkinson's Disease: Levodopa is the most effective medication for managing the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. It helps to replenish dopamine levels in the brain, which improves motor function and reduces symptoms.
Dopamine-Responsive Dystonia: Levodopa is also used in the treatment of dopamine-responsive dystonia, a neurological disorder characterized by abnormal muscle tone and involuntary movements. It can help improve motor function and reduce dystonic symptoms in affected individuals.
Motor Fluctuations: Long-term use of levodopa in Parkinson's disease can lead to motor fluctuations, including "on-off" phenomena and dyskinesias. "On-off" phenomena refer to sudden and unpredictable changes in motor function, where patients fluctuate between periods of good mobility ("on" state) and poor mobility ("off" state). Dyskinesias are involuntary movements that can occur as a side effect of levodopa treatment.
Wearing-off: Over time, levodopa's effectiveness may decrease, leading to the phenomenon known as "wearing-off." Wearing-off refers to the gradual return of Parkinson's symptoms before the next dose of medication is due. This can necessitate adjustments to the levodopa dosage or the addition of other medications to manage symptoms more effectively.
Non-Motor Symptoms: Levodopa primarily targets the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease but may also improve certain non-motor symptoms, such as mood disturbances, cognitive impairment, and autonomic dysfunction, to some extent.
Side Effects: Levodopa treatment can cause side effects, including nausea, vomiting, orthostatic hypotension (low blood pressure upon standing), hallucinations, confusion, insomnia, and impulse control disorders. These side effects may vary in severity and can impact the overall health and well-being of individuals taking levodopa.
Long-term Management: Levodopa is typically used in combination with other medications, such as carbidopa (which enhances levodopa's effectiveness and reduces side effects) and dopamine agonists, to optimize symptom control and minimize adverse effects. The management of levodopa therapy often requires close monitoring and periodic adjustments by healthcare professionals to achieve the best outcomes for patients with Parkinson's disease or dopamine-responsive dystonia.
Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
---|---|---|
species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
---|---|---|---|
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
ADHD | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0.67 |
Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Allergies | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
Allergy to milk products | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Alzheimer's disease | 0.7 | 1.3 | -0.86 |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.2 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
Anorexia Nervosa | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
Asthma | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
Atherosclerosis | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Atrial fibrillation | 0.4 | 0.7 | -0.75 |
Autism | 1.8 | 1 | 0.8 |
Barrett esophagus cancer | 0 | 0 | |
benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Bipolar Disorder | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
Brain Trauma | 0 | 0.2 | 0 |
Carcinoma | 0.9 | 0.4 | 1.25 |
Celiac Disease | 0.4 | 0.5 | -0.25 |
Cerebral Palsy | 0 | 0.3 | 0 |
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 1.5 | 0.5 | 2 |
Chronic Kidney Disease | 1 | 0.2 | 4 |
Chronic Lyme | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1 |
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
Colorectal Cancer | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6 |
Constipation | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
Coronary artery disease | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
COVID-19 | 1.9 | 2.4 | -0.26 |
Crohn's Disease | 1.3 | 0.5 | 1.6 |
cystic fibrosis | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
deep vein thrombosis | 0.3 | 0.1 | 2 |
Depression | 2 | 0.8 | 1.5 |
Eczema | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Endometriosis | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0 | 0 | |
Epilepsy | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1 |
Fibromyalgia | 0.1 | 0.5 | -4 |
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 1 | 1.5 | -0.5 |
gallstone disease (gsd) | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0 | 0 | |
Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1 |
Gout | 0 | 0 | |
Graves' disease | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1 |
Halitosis | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
Histamine Issues,Mast Cell Issue, DAO Insufficiency | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
hyperglycemia | 0.1 | 0.2 | -1 |
Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
hypersomnia | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 0.4 | 0.5 | -0.25 |
Hypothyroidism | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Hypoxia | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 0.9 | 1 | -0.11 |
Insomnia | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
Intelligence | 0 | 0.2 | 0 |
Intracranial aneurysms | 0.3 | 0 | 0 |
Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.17 |
Liver Cirrhosis | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.17 |
Long COVID | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.56 |
Low bone mineral density | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
Lung Cancer | 0.8 | 0.2 | 3 |
ME/CFS with IBS | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
ME/CFS without IBS | 0.9 | 0.3 | 2 |
Menopause | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
Metabolic Syndrome | 2 | 0.7 | 1.86 |
Mood Disorders | 2.4 | 1 | 1.4 |
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0 | 0 | |
Multiple Sclerosis | 1 | 0.6 | 0.67 |
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
Neuropathy (all types) | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 |
Obesity | 2 | 0.4 | 4 |
obsessive-compulsive disorder | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.44 |
Osteoarthritis | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
Osteoporosis | 0.7 | 0.2 | 2.5 |
Parkinson's Disease | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
Polycystic ovary syndrome | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0 | 0 | |
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0 | 0 | |
primary biliary cholangitis | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Psoriasis | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0 |
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 1.3 | 0.4 | 2.25 |
Rosacea | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
Schizophrenia | 0.8 | 0.2 | 3 |
scoliosis | 0 | 0.3 | 0 |
Sjögren syndrome | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
Sleep Apnea | 0.2 | 0.5 | -1.5 |
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 0.5 | 0.7 | -0.4 |
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 0.8 | 0.1 | 7 |
Tic Disorder | 0.1 | 0.3 | -2 |
Tourette syndrome | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
Type 1 Diabetes | 1.1 | 0 | 0 |
Type 2 Diabetes | 2 | 0.7 | 1.86 |
Ulcerative colitis | 0.6 | 1 | -0.67 |
Unhealthy Ageing | 1.2 | 0.1 | 11 |
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