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Muscle Spasticity: Baclofen is a muscle relaxant that works by acting on the central nervous system to reduce muscle spasms, stiffness, and involuntary muscle contractions. It is particularly effective in managing spasticity resulting from neurological conditions.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Baclofen is commonly prescribed to individuals with multiple sclerosis to alleviate muscle stiffness, cramping, and spasticity, which are common symptoms of the disease. It can help improve mobility and enhance overall quality of life for MS patients.
Spinal Cord Injuries (SCI): Baclofen is often used in individuals who have sustained spinal cord injuries to relieve muscle spasms and improve functional abilities. It may be administered orally or via intrathecal infusion directly into the spinal cord fluid using a pump.
Cerebral Palsy: Children and adults with cerebral palsy, a neurological disorder affecting movement and muscle coordination, may benefit from baclofen therapy to manage spasticity and promote better motor function.
Neurological Disorders: Baclofen may also be prescribed for other neurological conditions associated with muscle spasticity, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and dystonia.
Oral and Intrathecal Administration: Baclofen is available in oral formulations, such as tablets and oral solutions, for systemic effects. In severe cases of spasticity that do not respond adequately to oral therapy, intrathecal baclofen therapy may be considered. This involves the delivery of baclofen directly into the spinal cord fluid via a surgically implanted pump.
Side Effects: Common side effects of baclofen may include drowsiness, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, headache, nausea, constipation, and dry mouth. These side effects are usually mild and transient but may necessitate dose adjustments or discontinuation of treatment in some cases.
Withdrawal Symptoms: Abrupt discontinuation of baclofen after long-term use may lead to withdrawal symptoms, including rebound spasticity, hallucinations, seizures, confusion, and agitation. Therefore, it is important to gradually taper the dosage under medical supervision when discontinuing baclofen therapy.
Monitoring: Patients receiving baclofen therapy should be closely monitored by their healthcare providers to assess treatment response, adjust dosage as needed, and manage any adverse effects or complications associated with long-term use.
Contraindications: Baclofen is contraindicated in individuals with hypersensitivity to the drug, severe kidney impairment, and certain psychiatric conditions. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of substance abuse, respiratory depression, or liver disease.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| Taxonomy | Rank | Effect | Citations | Notation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unclassified Robinsoniella | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| unclassified Fusobacterium | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| unclassified Negativicoccus | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Eggerthellales | order | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Anaerofustis stercorihominis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Asaccharospora irregularis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Negativicoccus sp. S5-A15 | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Paraprevotella clara | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Slackia sp. NATTS | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| [Collinsella] massiliensis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Parvibacter caecicola | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Coriobacterineae | suborder | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia group | superphylum | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Depression | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Mood Disorders | 0.3 | 0.3 |
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