AI Engines For more Details: Perplexity Kagi Labs You
Antiretroviral Activity: Zidovudine belongs to a class of medications known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). It works by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is essential for the replication of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). By interfering with the viral replication process, zidovudine helps to reduce the viral load in the body and slow down the progression of HIV infection.
Treatment of HIV Infection: Zidovudine is used as part of combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the treatment of HIV infection. When used in combination with other antiretroviral medications, such as protease inhibitors or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, zidovudine can help to suppress HIV replication, restore immune function, and improve the overall health and quality of life of individuals living with HIV.
Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission: Zidovudine can be used during pregnancy to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. Antiretroviral therapy administered to pregnant women living with HIV, including zidovudine, can significantly reduce the likelihood of vertical transmission of the virus to the newborn baby.
Prophylaxis Following Occupational Exposure: Zidovudine may be used as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) in healthcare workers or individuals who have been exposed to HIV through occupational accidents or needlestick injuries. Prompt initiation of zidovudine therapy following exposure to HIV can reduce the risk of HIV transmission and prevent the establishment of infection.
Adverse Effects: While zidovudine is generally well-tolerated, it can cause various adverse effects, particularly with long-term use. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, and insomnia. Zidovudine may also cause bone marrow suppression, leading to anemia (low red blood cell count) and neutropenia (low white blood cell count). Regular monitoring of blood cell counts is necessary during zidovudine therapy to detect and manage these hematologic adverse effects.
Mitochondrial Toxicity: Long-term use of zidovudine has been associated with mitochondrial toxicity, which can manifest as mitochondrial myopathy (muscle weakness), lactic acidosis (buildup of lactic acid in the blood), and hepatic steatosis (fatty liver). These adverse effects are rare but can be serious, particularly in individuals with pre-existing mitochondrial disorders or liver disease.
Drug Interactions: Zidovudine may interact with other medications, including other antiretroviral drugs and medications metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. Careful monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary when zidovudine is used concomitantly with other drugs to avoid potential drug interactions or adverse effects.
Resistance: Prolonged use of zidovudine as monotherapy can lead to the development of drug resistance, wherein the virus mutates and becomes less susceptible to the effects of the medication. Therefore, zidovudine is typically used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs to reduce the risk of resistance and improve treatment outcomes.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
| Taxonomy | Rank | Effect | Citations | Notation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unclassified Robinsoniella | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| unclassified Fusobacterium | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| unclassified Negativicoccus | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Eggerthellales | order | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Anaerofustis stercorihominis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Asaccharospora irregularis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Negativicoccus sp. S5-A15 | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Paraprevotella clara | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Slackia sp. NATTS | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| [Collinsella] massiliensis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Parvibacter caecicola | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Coriobacterineae | suborder | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
| Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia group | superphylum | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Depression | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Mood Disorders | 0.3 | 0.3 |
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