🍽️ clomiphene citrate (z;e),(prescription)

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  1. Infertility in Women: Clomiphene citrate is commonly prescribed to induce ovulation in women who have difficulty conceiving due to ovulatory dysfunction, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or unexplained infertility. It works by stimulating the release of gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone, or FSH, and luteinizing hormone, or LH) from the pituitary gland, which in turn triggers follicular development and ovulation. Clomiphene citrate may help regulate menstrual cycles, promote follicular growth, and improve the chances of successful conception in women with ovulatory disorders.

  2. Off-label Uses: In addition to its approved indication for infertility treatment, clomiphene citrate may be used off-label in the treatment of certain medical conditions, including hypogonadism (low testosterone levels) in men, oligospermia (low sperm count), and male factor infertility. In men, clomiphene citrate can help stimulate the production of gonadotropins, which in turn promotes testosterone production and spermatogenesis. It may be used to increase sperm count and improve fertility outcomes in men with low testosterone levels or subfertility.

  3. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Clomiphene citrate may also be used off-label in the treatment of PCOS, a common endocrine disorder characterized by hormonal imbalances, irregular menstrual cycles, and ovarian cysts. In women with PCOS who are trying to conceive, clomiphene citrate can help induce ovulation and regulate menstrual cycles, thereby improving fertility outcomes. It may be used alone or in combination with other medications or lifestyle interventions to manage PCOS-related infertility.

  4. Ovulation Induction: Clomiphene citrate is particularly effective in women with anovulatory infertility, where ovulation does not occur regularly or predictably. By blocking the negative feedback of estrogen on the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, clomiphene citrate increases the secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), FSH, and LH, leading to follicular development and ovulation. Monitoring of ovarian response to clomiphene citrate therapy through ultrasound and hormonal assessments is essential to optimize ovulation induction and minimize the risk of multiple pregnancies.

  5. Multiple Pregnancies: One potential health impact of clomiphene citrate therapy is an increased risk of multiple pregnancies, such as twins or higher-order multiples. This is due to the stimulation of multiple follicles and ovulation, which may result in the release of more than one egg during a menstrual cycle. Healthcare providers should carefully monitor ovarian response and adjust clomiphene citrate dosage to minimize the risk of multiple pregnancies while maximizing the chances of successful conception.

  6. Side Effects: Clomiphene citrate may cause certain side effects, including hot flashes, breast tenderness, abdominal discomfort, bloating, nausea, headache, mood swings, and visual disturbances. Rare but serious side effects may include ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS), ovarian cyst formation, ectopic pregnancy, and thromboembolic events. Patients should be educated about the potential risks and benefits of clomiphene citrate therapy and advised to seek medical attention if they experience any adverse effects or complications.

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Data Contradictions β€” Limits of Certainity

Impacted of clomiphene citrate (z;e),(prescription) On Probiotics

Rank Probiotic Impact

Bacteria Impacted by clomiphene citrate (z;e),(prescription)

We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.

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Taxonomy Rank Effect Citations Notation
unclassified Robinsoniella no rank Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
unclassified Fusobacterium no rank Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
unclassified Negativicoccus no rank Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Eggerthellales order Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Asaccharospora irregularis species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Negativicoccus sp. S5-A15 species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Lactonifactor longoviformis species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Paraprevotella clara species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Slackia sp. NATTS species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Anaerosporobacter mobilis species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
[Collinsella] massiliensis species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Parvibacter caecicola species Decreases ⚗️ Source Study
Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia group superphylum Decreases ⚗️ Source Study

Impact of clomiphene citrate (z;e),(prescription) on Conditions from US National Library of Medicine

A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.

We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive   X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.

Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.

Condition Positive Impact Negative Impact Benefit Ratio Impact
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome 0.1 0.1
Depression 0.1 0.1
ME/CFS without IBS 0.1 0.1
Mood Disorders 0.1 0.1

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