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Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV): Aprepitant is effective in preventing both acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with highly emetogenic chemotherapy (chemotherapy that is likely to cause severe nausea and vomiting) as well as moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV): Aprepitant can also be used to prevent nausea and vomiting following surgery.
NK1 Receptor Antagonist: Aprepitant works by blocking the action of substance P, a neurotransmitter involved in the vomiting reflex, at the neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor in the brain.
Multiple Dosage Forms: Aprepitant is available in oral (capsule) and intravenous (IV) formulations. The oral form is typically taken before chemotherapy or surgery, while the IV form may be administered in a healthcare setting.
Three-Day Regimen: Aprepitant is often prescribed as part of a three-day regimen, with the first dose taken prior to chemotherapy or surgery, followed by additional doses on subsequent days to provide continued protection against nausea and vomiting.
Combination Therapy: Aprepitant is frequently used in combination with other antiemetic medications, such as 5-HT3 receptor antagonists (e.g., ondansetron) and corticosteroids, to further enhance its antiemetic effects.
Well-Tolerated: Aprepitant is generally well-tolerated, with common side effects including fatigue, dizziness, constipation, diarrhea, headache, and changes in taste perception.
Drug Interactions: Aprepitant may interact with certain medications, particularly those metabolized by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system. It can increase the blood levels of drugs such as warfarin, dexamethasone, and hormonal contraceptives, potentially leading to an increased risk of side effects.
Special Populations: Aprepitant should be used with caution in patients with liver impairment, as it is primarily metabolized by the liver. Dose adjustments may be necessary in these patients.
Pregnancy and Lactation: The safety of aprepitant during pregnancy and breastfeeding has not been well-established. It should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefits justify the potential risks to the fetus, and breastfeeding should be avoided during treatment.
Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
---|---|---|
species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
species | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | Reduces |
subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
---|---|---|---|
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Acne | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
ADHD | 6 | 0.5 | 11 |
Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 1 | 0.4 | 1.5 |
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 2.1 | 2.1 | 0 |
Allergies | 6 | 3.3 | 0.82 |
Allergy to milk products | 1.4 | 1 | 0.4 |
Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 2.4 | 2.4 | |
Alzheimer's disease | 3.8 | 7.6 | -1 |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 3.7 | 1.1 | 2.36 |
Ankylosing spondylitis | 4.8 | 1.6 | 2 |
Anorexia Nervosa | 0.4 | 2.4 | -5 |
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 1.9 | 0.2 | 8.5 |
Asthma | 0.8 | 1.7 | -1.13 |
Atherosclerosis | 1.3 | 3.1 | -1.38 |
Atrial fibrillation | 4 | 2.6 | 0.54 |
Autism | 12 | 10.8 | 0.11 |
Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.5 | 0.1 | 4 |
benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Bipolar Disorder | 1.6 | 1.9 | -0.19 |
Brain Trauma | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0 |
Carcinoma | 4.1 | 3.6 | 0.14 |
Celiac Disease | 2.8 | 5.1 | -0.82 |
Cerebral Palsy | 1.6 | 1.8 | -0.13 |
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 6 | 9.1 | -0.52 |
Chronic Kidney Disease | 2.6 | 1.9 | 0.37 |
Chronic Lyme | 0.9 | -0.9 | |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.8 | 1 | -0.25 |
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 1.3 | 2.5 | -0.92 |
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.9 | 1.5 | -0.67 |
Colorectal Cancer | 4 | 1.1 | 2.64 |
Constipation | 1.6 | 1 | 0.6 |
Coronary artery disease | 1.8 | 1.5 | 0.2 |
COVID-19 | 12.2 | 16.1 | -0.32 |
Crohn's Disease | 9 | 6.3 | 0.43 |
cystic fibrosis | 0.3 | 1.4 | -3.67 |
deep vein thrombosis | 0.3 | 1 | -2.33 |
Depression | 11 | 10.1 | 0.09 |
Dermatomyositis | 0.1 | 0.4 | -3 |
Eczema | 1.4 | 1.9 | -0.36 |
Endometriosis | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.29 |
Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
Epilepsy | 3.3 | 3.3 | 0 |
Fibromyalgia | 3.1 | 4.2 | -0.35 |
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 7.2 | 6.1 | 0.18 |
gallstone disease (gsd) | 2.8 | 0.9 | 2.11 |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 2.5 | 1.1 | 1.27 |
Generalized anxiety disorder | 1.6 | 2.7 | -0.69 |
giant cell arteritis | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
Glioblastoma | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
Gout | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
Graves' disease | 1.7 | 1.9 | -0.12 |
Halitosis | 0.9 | 0.1 | 8 |
Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 3.5 | 1.1 | 2.18 |
Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.4 | 0.5 | -0.25 |
Histamine Issues,Mast Cell Issue, DAO Insufficiency | 3.6 | 1.1 | 2.27 |
hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
hyperglycemia | 0.1 | 2.5 | -24 |
Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 1.1 | 0.5 | 1.2 |
hypersomnia | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 2.6 | 6.7 | -1.58 |
Hypothyroidism | 1.4 | -1.4 | |
Hypoxia | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 4.9 | -4.9 | |
Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 3.6 | 11.2 | -2.11 |
Insomnia | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.22 |
Intelligence | 1.8 | 1 | 0.8 |
Intracranial aneurysms | 1.8 | 0.5 | 2.6 |
Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 5 | 5.6 | -0.12 |
Liver Cirrhosis | 5.7 | 4.2 | 0.36 |
Long COVID | 9.2 | 10 | -0.09 |
Low bone mineral density | 1 | -1 | |
Lung Cancer | 1.1 | 1.9 | -0.73 |
ME/CFS with IBS | 1.3 | 3.8 | -1.92 |
ME/CFS without IBS | 1.4 | 3.3 | -1.36 |
Menopause | 2.5 | 2.5 | |
Metabolic Syndrome | 9.6 | 11.6 | -0.21 |
Mood Disorders | 14.8 | 10.1 | 0.47 |
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Multiple Sclerosis | 4.5 | 6.4 | -0.42 |
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 1.9 | 1.3 | 0.46 |
Neuropathy (all types) | 0.9 | 0.1 | 8 |
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 3 | 6.3 | -1.1 |
NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
Obesity | 11.7 | 5.2 | 1.25 |
obsessive-compulsive disorder | 8.3 | 6.1 | 0.36 |
Osteoarthritis | 1.9 | 0.4 | 3.75 |
Osteoporosis | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.29 |
pancreatic cancer | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
Parkinson's Disease | 3.1 | 4.8 | -0.55 |
Polycystic ovary syndrome | 3.3 | 2.8 | 0.18 |
Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.4 | 0.9 | -1.25 |
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 1.4 | 0.4 | 2.5 |
primary biliary cholangitis | 0.5 | 1.4 | -1.8 |
Psoriasis | 5.6 | 4.3 | 0.3 |
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 7.5 | 5.1 | 0.47 |
Rosacea | 1.7 | 0.9 | 0.89 |
Schizophrenia | 8.6 | 2.7 | 2.19 |
scoliosis | 0.5 | 0.6 | -0.2 |
Sjögren syndrome | 4.1 | 4.2 | -0.02 |
Sleep Apnea | 1.8 | 1.9 | -0.06 |
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.3 | 1 | -2.33 |
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 3.1 | 2.8 | 0.11 |
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 5.1 | 2.3 | 1.22 |
Tic Disorder | 1.9 | 2.3 | -0.21 |
Tourette syndrome | 0.2 | 0.4 | -1 |
Type 1 Diabetes | 5.5 | 2.7 | 1.04 |
Type 2 Diabetes | 10.2 | 8.9 | 0.15 |
Ulcerative colitis | 2.8 | 7.9 | -1.82 |
Unhealthy Ageing | 7.1 | 2.6 | 1.73 |
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