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Treatment of Glaucoma: Demecarium bromide is used topically as eye drops to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in individuals with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. By inhibiting the activity of cholinesterase enzymes in the eye, demecarium bromide increases the availability of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that helps regulate the drainage of aqueous humor from the eye. This leads to a reduction in IOP, which can help prevent optic nerve damage and slow the progression of glaucoma.
Mechanism of Action: Demecarium bromide works by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), which normally breaks down acetylcholine at cholinergic nerve endings. By blocking the activity of AChE, demecarium bromide prolongs the action of acetylcholine, enhancing its effects on the smooth muscle of the eye's trabecular meshwork. This increases the outflow of aqueous humor and reduces IOP.
Dosage and Administration: Demecarium bromide is typically administered as eye drops, usually one or two drops into the affected eye(s) several times a day, as prescribed by a healthcare provider. The frequency and dosage may vary depending on the individual's age, severity of glaucoma, and response to treatment. It's important to follow the prescribed dosage and administration instructions carefully to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Side Effects: Common side effects of demecarium bromide eye drops may include burning or stinging sensation in the eye, blurred vision, tearing, redness or irritation of the eyes, headache, and increased salivation. These side effects are usually mild and transient, but individuals experiencing persistent or severe symptoms should seek medical attention. Rare but more serious side effects may include systemic cholinergic effects such as bradycardia (slow heart rate), bronchoconstriction, or gastrointestinal disturbances.
Contraindications: Demecarium bromide is contraindicated in individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to the medication or its components. It should not be used in individuals with certain eye conditions such as angle-closure glaucoma or untreated narrow-angle glaucoma. It should also be used with caution in individuals with cardiovascular disease, asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), as demecarium bromide may exacerbate these conditions.
Drug Interactions: Demecarium bromide may interact with other medications, particularly other cholinesterase inhibitors or anticholinergic drugs, leading to potential additive or antagonistic effects on cholinergic neurotransmission. Individuals should inform their healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, or herbal products they are taking before starting demecarium bromide therapy.
Monitoring: Regular monitoring of intraocular pressure, visual acuity, and ocular symptoms is essential during demecarium bromide therapy to assess treatment efficacy and detect any adverse effects or complications. Healthcare providers may also monitor for signs of systemic cholinergic effects, particularly in individuals at higher risk.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
| species | Bacteroides uniformis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
| species | Lacticaseibacillus paracasei | Reduces |
| species | Parabacteroides distasonis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Acne | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| ADHD | 3.9 | 0.5 | 6.8 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.7 | 0.1 | 6 |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 1.2 | 1.9 | -0.58 |
| Allergies | 2.9 | 1.9 | 0.53 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 2 | 6 | -2 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 1.5 | 0.6 | 1.5 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 1.8 | 1.4 | 0.29 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.1 | 1.7 | -16 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.2 | 0.4 | -1 |
| Asthma | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0 |
| Atherosclerosis | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.18 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 2.6 | 1 | 1.6 |
| Autism | 6.3 | 6.1 | 0.03 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.4 | 0.2 | 1 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0 | 0 | |
| Biofilm | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 1 | 1.8 | -0.8 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.33 |
| Cancer (General) | 0.2 | 2.4 | -11 |
| Carcinoma | 2.6 | 1.9 | 0.37 |
| Celiac Disease | 0.8 | 3.1 | -2.88 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 4.6 | 5.2 | -0.13 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 1.5 | 2.2 | -0.47 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.13 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.3 | 1.1 | -2.67 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 1.9 | 1.3 | 0.46 |
| Constipation | 0.1 | 0.5 | -4 |
| Coronary artery disease | 2.2 | 0.7 | 2.14 |
| COVID-19 | 6 | 7.5 | -0.25 |
| Crohn's Disease | 5.2 | 3.9 | 0.33 |
| cystic fibrosis | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0 | 1.1 | 0 |
| Depression | 5.3 | 7.3 | -0.38 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.2 | 0.4 | -1 |
| Eczema | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| Endometriosis | 1.3 | 1 | 0.3 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Epilepsy | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.18 |
| Fibromyalgia | 1.3 | 1.6 | -0.23 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 2.2 | 2.3 | -0.05 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.44 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.9 | 1.8 | -1 |
| giant cell arteritis | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Glioblastoma | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Gout | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Graves' disease | 1 | 1.2 | -0.2 |
| Halitosis | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 1.6 | 0.9 | 0.78 |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 1 | 0.8 | 0.25 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| hyperglycemia | 0.1 | 0.9 | -8 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.9 | 0.4 | 1.25 |
| hypersomnia | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 1.7 | 4.8 | -1.82 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.9 | -0.9 | |
| Hypoxia | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.7 | -1.7 | |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 2.3 | 6.5 | -1.83 |
| Insomnia | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
| Intelligence | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 2.4 | 1.9 | 0.26 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 3.5 | 3.2 | 0.09 |
| Long COVID | 4.7 | 6.8 | -0.45 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0.8 | -0.8 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.2 | 1.1 | -4.5 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.7 | 1.6 | -1.29 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 1.7 | 1.4 | 0.21 |
| Menopause | 1.6 | 1.6 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 5.8 | 6.4 | -0.1 |
| Mood Disorders | 8.1 | 7.4 | 0.09 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 3.6 | 3.1 | 0.16 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 1.6 | 0.8 | 1 |
| neuropathic pain | 1.5 | -1.5 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.2 | 0 | 0 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 1 | 4.1 | -3.1 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 1.1 | 0.5 | 1.2 |
| Obesity | 7.4 | 2.6 | 1.85 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 2.5 | 3.1 | -0.24 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.4 | 0.4 | 2.5 |
| Osteoporosis | 1.3 | 0.3 | 3.33 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Parkinson's Disease | 3.5 | 3.5 | 0 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 0.8 | 2.2 | -1.75 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.2 | 0.7 | -2.5 |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.8 | 0.1 | 7 |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.2 | 0.7 | -2.5 |
| Psoriasis | 3.1 | 1.4 | 1.21 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 5.1 | 2.9 | 0.76 |
| Rosacea | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.57 |
| Schizophrenia | 5.6 | 1.8 | 2.11 |
| scoliosis | 0.3 | 0.8 | -1.67 |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.6 | 2.2 | -0.38 |
| Sleep Apnea | 1.2 | 1.1 | 0.09 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 0.9 | 0.4 | 1.25 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.2 | 0.8 | -3 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 1.6 | 2.3 | -0.44 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 2.8 | 1.5 | 0.87 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.6 | 1.1 | -0.83 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 1.9 | 1.5 | 0.27 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 5.6 | 3.4 | 0.65 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 1.1 | 2.7 | -1.45 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 3.7 | 2.4 | 0.54 |
| Vitiligo | 1.1 | 1.4 | -0.27 |
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