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Vasoconstriction: Etilefrine acts as a sympathomimetic amine, which means it mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system. It stimulates alpha-adrenergic receptors in blood vessels, leading to vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels). This action helps increase blood pressure by improving peripheral vascular resistance.
Treatment of Hypotension: Etilefrine is primarily used to raise blood pressure in cases of orthostatic hypotension (a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing), shock, and other forms of hypotension. By constricting blood vessels, it can help improve blood flow to vital organs and tissues, thereby increasing blood pressure to a more normal level.
Management of Hypotensive States: Etilefrine may be used during surgical procedures, anesthesia, or other medical situations where hypotension is a concern. It can help prevent or alleviate hypotension associated with these conditions.
Cardiovascular Support: In addition to its vasoconstrictive effects, etilefrine may also have positive inotropic (increased cardiac contractility) and chronotropic (increased heart rate) effects, further supporting cardiovascular function in hypotensive states.
Oral and Parenteral Formulations: Etilefrine hydrochloride is available in both oral and injectable forms. The choice of formulation depends on the severity of the hypotension and the urgency of treatment.
Side Effects: Common side effects of etilefrine may include palpitations, tachycardia (rapid heartbeat), hypertension (high blood pressure), headache, dizziness, tremor, anxiety, and nausea. These side effects are generally mild and transient.
Contraindications: Etilefrine is contraindicated in individuals with severe hypertension, severe arteriosclerosis, cardiac arrhythmias, and other cardiovascular conditions. It should be used cautiously in patients with hyperthyroidism, diabetes, and pheochromocytoma.
Drug Interactions: Etilefrine may interact with other medications that affect blood pressure or heart rate, such as beta-blockers, alpha-blockers, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Concurrent use with these drugs should be carefully monitored.
Pregnancy and Lactation: The safety of etilefrine during pregnancy and lactation has not been well established. It should be used with caution in pregnant or breastfeeding women, weighing the potential benefits against the risks.
Overdose: Overdose of etilefrine can lead to severe hypertension, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage. Treatment of overdose typically involves supportive measures and close monitoring of vital signs.
Medical Supervision: Etilefrine should be used under the supervision of a healthcare professional, who can determine the appropriate dosage and monitor the patient's response to treatment.
| Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
|---|---|---|
| genus | Bifidobacterium | Reduces |
| species | Akkermansia muciniphila | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium adolescentis | Reduces |
| species | Bifidobacterium longum | Reduces |
| species | Escherichia coli | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis | Reduces |
| subspecies | Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum | Reduces |
We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
| Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| Acne | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| ADHD | 2.5 | 0.2 | 11.5 |
| Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Glaucoma | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
| Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 1 | 1.2 | -0.2 |
| Allergies | 2.4 | 0.8 | 2 |
| Allergy to milk products | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 0.7 | 0.7 | |
| Alzheimer's disease | 1.5 | 1.5 | 0 |
| Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
| Ankylosing spondylitis | 1.9 | 0.9 | 1.11 |
| Anorexia Nervosa | 0.1 | 0.6 | -5 |
| Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| Asthma | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Atherosclerosis | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 1.9 | 0.8 | 1.37 |
| Autism | 3.8 | 3.3 | 0.15 |
| Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| benign prostatic hyperplasia | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
| Biofilm | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
| Bipolar Disorder | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.17 |
| Brain Trauma | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.25 |
| Cancer (General) | 0 | 1.8 | 0 |
| Carcinoma | 2 | 1.5 | 0.33 |
| Celiac Disease | 1.3 | 2.1 | -0.62 |
| Cerebral Palsy | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.8 |
| Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 4.1 | 2.8 | 0.46 |
| Chronic Kidney Disease | 1.3 | 0.4 | 2.25 |
| Chronic Lyme | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 1.7 | 0 | 0 |
| Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 1 | 0.1 | 9 |
| Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| Colorectal Cancer | 2 | 0.5 | 3 |
| Constipation | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1 |
| COVID-19 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 0 |
| Crohn's Disease | 3 | 1.7 | 0.76 |
| cystic fibrosis | 0.4 | 0.6 | -0.5 |
| deep vein thrombosis | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0 |
| Depression | 4.2 | 3.4 | 0.24 |
| Dermatomyositis | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| Eczema | 0.9 | 1.2 | -0.33 |
| Endometriosis | 1.8 | 0.4 | 3.5 |
| Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0 | 0.3 | 0 |
| Epilepsy | 1.4 | 1.2 | 0.17 |
| Fibromyalgia | 1.3 | 0.6 | 1.17 |
| Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 2.7 | 1.4 | 0.93 |
| gallstone disease (gsd) | 1.1 | 0.3 | 2.67 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 0.4 | 0.5 | -0.25 |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| Glioblastoma | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
| Graves' disease | 0.9 | 0.7 | 0.29 |
| Halitosis | 0.7 | 0.3 | 1.33 |
| Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
| Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| High Histamine/low DAO | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
| hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0 | 0.1 | 0 |
| hyperglycemia | 0.2 | 1 | -4 |
| Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.5 | 0.2 | 1.5 |
| hypersomnia | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 1.5 | 2.1 | -0.4 |
| Hypothyroidism | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
| Hypoxia | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
| IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.7 | -1.7 | |
| Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 3.3 | 2.2 | 0.5 |
| Insomnia | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.75 |
| Intracranial aneurysms | 0.6 | 0.2 | 2 |
| Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0 |
| Liver Cirrhosis | 2.1 | 1.7 | 0.24 |
| Long COVID | 4.1 | 3.4 | 0.21 |
| Low bone mineral density | 0 | 0 | |
| Lung Cancer | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.33 |
| Mast Cell Issues / mastitis | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.33 |
| ME/CFS with IBS | 0.6 | 1.4 | -1.33 |
| ME/CFS without IBS | 1.2 | 1.6 | -0.33 |
| Menopause | 1.9 | 1.9 | |
| Metabolic Syndrome | 4 | 3 | 0.33 |
| Mood Disorders | 5.3 | 3.6 | 0.47 |
| multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 1.4 | 0.1 | 13 |
| Multiple Sclerosis | 3.4 | 0.9 | 2.78 |
| Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| neuropathic pain | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
| Neuropathy (all types) | 0.4 | 0.1 | 3 |
| neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 1.1 | 2.2 | -1 |
| NonCeliac Gluten Sensitivity | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Obesity | 4.5 | 2.4 | 0.88 |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder | 3 | 1.8 | 0.67 |
| Osteoarthritis | 1.7 | 0.1 | 16 |
| Osteoporosis | 1 | 0.5 | 1 |
| pancreatic cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
| Parkinson's Disease | 3.4 | 1.8 | 0.89 |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
| Premenstrual dysphoric disorder | 0.6 | 0.1 | 5 |
| primary biliary cholangitis | 0.3 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| Psoriasis | 2.5 | 0.6 | 3.17 |
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 3.1 | 1.6 | 0.94 |
| Rosacea | 0.5 | 0 | 0 |
| Schizophrenia | 2.9 | 0.5 | 4.8 |
| scoliosis | 0.1 | -0.1 | |
| Sjögren syndrome | 1.6 | 1.7 | -0.06 |
| Sleep Apnea | 0.5 | 0.7 | -0.4 |
| Slow gastric motility / Gastroparesis | 1 | 0.2 | 4 |
| Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.2 |
| Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.08 |
| Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 1.9 | 0.5 | 2.8 |
| Tic Disorder | 0.2 | 0.8 | -3 |
| Tourette syndrome | 0.1 | 0.3 | -2 |
| Type 1 Diabetes | 2 | 0.9 | 1.22 |
| Type 2 Diabetes | 4.1 | 2.2 | 0.86 |
| Ulcerative colitis | 1.7 | 2 | -0.18 |
| Unhealthy Ageing | 2.2 | 0.5 | 3.4 |
| Vitiligo | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
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