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Absence Seizures: Ethosuximide is specifically indicated for the management of absence seizures, which are characterized by brief episodes of staring or "spacing out" without convulsions. It works by suppressing the abnormal electrical activity in the brain that leads to these seizures.
Monotherapy: Ethosuximide is often prescribed as initial monotherapy for individuals with absence seizures. It may be used alone or in combination with other antiepileptic drugs, depending on the severity and frequency of seizures.
Mode of Action: Ethosuximide primarily acts by inhibiting the T-type calcium channels in the thalamus, which play a key role in the generation of absence seizures. By blocking these channels, ethosuximide helps stabilize neuronal activity and reduce the occurrence of seizures.
Dosage Adjustment: The dosage of ethosuximide may vary depending on individual response, seizure control, and tolerability. It is important for patients to follow their healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage and administration.
Side Effects: Common side effects of ethosuximide may include drowsiness, dizziness, headache, gastrointestinal disturbances (such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain), loss of appetite, and lethargy. These side effects are usually mild and may improve over time.
Blood Monitoring: Periodic monitoring of blood levels of ethosuximide is generally not necessary, as the drug does not exhibit significant fluctuations in plasma concentration. However, healthcare providers may recommend routine blood tests to assess liver and kidney function.
Drug Interactions: Ethosuximide may interact with certain medications, including other antiepileptic drugs, leading to changes in efficacy or increased risk of side effects. It is important for patients to inform their healthcare provider about all medications they are taking.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Ethosuximide is generally considered safe to use during pregnancy, although it may increase the risk of congenital malformations. It may also be excreted in breast milk, so breastfeeding mothers should discuss the risks and benefits with their healthcare provider.
Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
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We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
Taxonomy | Rank | Effect | Citations | Notation |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ruminococcus | genus | Decreases | 👪 Source Study | |
unclassified Robinsoniella | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
unclassified Fusobacterium | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
unclassified Negativicoccus | no rank | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Eggerthellales | order | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Ruminococcus bromii | species | Decreases | 📓 Source Study | |
Anaerofustis stercorihominis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Asaccharospora irregularis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Negativicoccus sp. S5-A15 | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Paraprevotella clara | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Slackia sp. NATTS | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Pseudoflavonifractor capillosus | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
[Collinsella] massiliensis | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Parvibacter caecicola | species | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Coriobacterineae | suborder | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study | |
Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia group | superphylum | Decreases | ⚗️ Source Study |
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
---|---|---|---|
ADHD | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Allergies | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
Allergy to milk products | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Alzheimer's disease | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Ankylosing spondylitis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Anorexia Nervosa | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Atherosclerosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Atrial fibrillation | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Autism | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
Bipolar Disorder | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
Carcinoma | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
Celiac Disease | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Cerebral Palsy | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Colorectal Cancer | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Coronary artery disease | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
COVID-19 | 0.3 | 0.9 | -2 |
Crohn's Disease | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
deep vein thrombosis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Depression | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
Endometriosis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
gallstone disease (gsd) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 0.9 | -0.9 | |
Intracranial aneurysms | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Liver Cirrhosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
Long COVID | 0.9 | -0.9 | |
Lung Cancer | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
ME/CFS without IBS | 0.1 | 0.1 | |
Metabolic Syndrome | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
Mood Disorders | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1 |
Multiple Sclerosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Obesity | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
obsessive-compulsive disorder | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
Osteoarthritis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Osteoporosis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Parkinson's Disease | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Polycystic ovary syndrome | 0.3 | 0.6 | -1 |
Psoriasis | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Rosacea | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Schizophrenia | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
scoliosis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Sleep Apnea | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Tic Disorder | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Type 1 Diabetes | 0.3 | 0.3 | |
Type 2 Diabetes | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0 |
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