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Regulation of Appetite and Weight: Propionate has been shown to influence appetite regulation and energy balance. It stimulates the release of gut hormones such as peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), which promote feelings of fullness and satiety. Propionate supplementation or increased production through dietary fiber fermentation may help reduce food intake, prevent overeating, and promote weight management.
Blood Glucose Regulation: Propionate has beneficial effects on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. It can inhibit hepatic gluconeogenesis (production of glucose by the liver), reduce postprandial (after-meal) blood glucose levels, and improve insulin sensitivity in individuals with insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes. Propionate's effects on glucose metabolism may help prevent hyperglycemia and reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications.
Lipid Metabolism: Propionate may have favorable effects on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular health. It can reduce hepatic lipogenesis (synthesis of fatty acids in the liver), lower circulating triglyceride levels, and increase cholesterol excretion via bile acid synthesis. Propionate supplementation or increased production may help lower blood lipid levels and reduce the risk of dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease.
Inflammation and Immune Function: Propionate exhibits anti-inflammatory properties and may modulate immune responses in the gut and systemic circulation. It can inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, promote the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), and enhance mucosal barrier function. Propionate's anti-inflammatory effects may help alleviate symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and other inflammatory conditions.
Gut Health: Propionate contributes to gut health by promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria (e.g., Bifidobacteria) and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. It helps maintain microbial balance and diversity in the gut microbiota, which is essential for digestive function, immune regulation, and overall health. Propionate supplementation or increased dietary fiber intake may support gut health and reduce the risk of gastrointestinal disorders.
Brain Health: Emerging research suggests that propionate may have neuroprotective effects and influence brain function and behavior. It can cross the blood-brain barrier and modulate neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine and serotonin, which are involved in mood regulation and cognitive function. Propionate's effects on gut-brain communication and neurotransmitter synthesis may have implications for mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety.
Cancer Prevention: Some studies suggest that propionate may have anti-cancer properties and help reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. It can inhibit the growth of cancer cells, induce apoptosis (programmed cell death), and suppress tumor progression by modulating cell signaling pathways and gene expression. Propionate's effects on gut microbiota composition and metabolism may contribute to its potential cancer-preventive effects.
Rank | Probiotic | Impact |
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We extend modifiers to include items that changes the parent and child taxa. I.e. for a species, that would be the genus that is belongs to and the strains in the species.
A higher number indicates impact on more bacteria associated with the condition and confidence on the impact.
We have X bacteria high and Y low reported. We find that the modifier reduces some and increases other of these two groups. We just tally: X|reduces + Y|Increase = Positive X|increases + Y|decrease = Negative.
Benefit Ratio:
Numbers above 0 have increasing positive effect.
Numbers below 0 have increasing negative effect.
Condition | Positive Impact | Negative Impact | Benefit Ratio Impact |
---|---|---|---|
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm | 0.2 | 0.6 | -2 |
Acne | 0.5 | 1 | -1 |
ADHD | 0.8 | 1.7 | -1.13 |
Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever) | 0.2 | 1.5 | -6.5 |
Allergies | 2 | 1 | 1 |
Allergy to milk products | 0.6 | 1.2 | -1 |
Alopecia (Hair Loss) | 1 | 0.2 | 4 |
Alzheimer's disease | 1.9 | 3.5 | -0.84 |
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) Motor Neuron | 1.3 | -1.3 | |
Ankylosing spondylitis | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Anorexia Nervosa | 0.8 | 0.2 | 3 |
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
Asthma | 0.8 | 1.9 | -1.37 |
Atherosclerosis | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
Atrial fibrillation | 2 | 1.3 | 0.54 |
Autism | 4.2 | 3.1 | 0.35 |
Barrett esophagus cancer | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
Bipolar Disorder | 1.1 | 1.9 | -0.73 |
Brain Trauma | 2.1 | 0.5 | 3.2 |
Carcinoma | 1.2 | 1.6 | -0.33 |
Celiac Disease | 1.6 | 1.7 | -0.06 |
Cerebral Palsy | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome | 2.1 | 2.4 | -0.14 |
Chronic Kidney Disease | 0.5 | 1.7 | -2.4 |
Chronic Lyme | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
Chronic Urticaria (Hives) | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
Coagulation / Micro clot triggering bacteria | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
Colorectal Cancer | 1.6 | 2.5 | -0.56 |
Constipation | 1.2 | 2.1 | -0.75 |
Coronary artery disease | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.17 |
COVID-19 | 6.7 | 4.1 | 0.63 |
Crohn's Disease | 2.5 | 3.9 | -0.56 |
cystic fibrosis | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
Depression | 4.7 | 4.3 | 0.09 |
Dermatomyositis | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
Eczema | 0.2 | 0.9 | -3.5 |
Endometriosis | 0.7 | 1.9 | -1.71 |
Eosinophilic Esophagitis | 0.7 | -0.7 | |
Epilepsy | 2.1 | 2.1 | 0 |
Fibromyalgia | 1 | 1 | |
Functional constipation / chronic idiopathic constipation | 3.6 | 3.9 | -0.08 |
gallstone disease (gsd) | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (Gerd) including Barrett's esophagus | 1.1 | 1.5 | -0.36 |
Generalized anxiety disorder | 0.9 | 0.9 | |
giant cell arteritis | 0.3 | -0.3 | |
Glioblastoma | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
Gout | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.44 |
Graves' disease | 0.9 | 2.8 | -2.11 |
Halitosis | 0.2 | 1.2 | -5 |
Hashimoto's thyroiditis | 1.2 | 0.6 | 1 |
Heart Failure | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Hidradenitis Suppurativa | 0.2 | 1.1 | -4.5 |
Histamine Issues,Mast Cell Issue, DAO Insufficiency | 0.8 | -0.8 | |
hypercholesterolemia (High Cholesterol) | 0.2 | 1.1 | -4.5 |
hyperglycemia | 1.3 | 0.2 | 5.5 |
Hyperlipidemia (High Blood Fats) | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
hypertension (High Blood Pressure | 2.9 | 2.1 | 0.38 |
Hypothyroidism | 0.2 | -0.2 | |
Hypoxia | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0 |
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) | 1.6 | 0.2 | 7 |
Inflammatory Bowel Disease | 1.8 | 1.9 | -0.06 |
Insomnia | 1.8 | 2.5 | -0.39 |
Intelligence | 1.4 | 0.4 | 2.5 |
Intracranial aneurysms | 0.6 | -0.6 | |
Irritable Bowel Syndrome | 2.7 | 3.2 | -0.19 |
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
Liver Cirrhosis | 1.6 | 2.3 | -0.44 |
Long COVID | 5.6 | 3.4 | 0.65 |
Lung Cancer | 0.4 | -0.4 | |
ME/CFS with IBS | 0.6 | 0.6 | |
ME/CFS without IBS | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
Menopause | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0 |
Metabolic Syndrome | 4.6 | 5 | -0.09 |
Mood Disorders | 5.1 | 5.3 | -0.04 |
multiple chemical sensitivity [MCS] | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
Multiple Sclerosis | 2.4 | 1.8 | 0.33 |
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
Neuropathy (all types) | 0.5 | 0.5 | |
neuropsychiatric disorders (PANDAS, PANS) | 2.1 | -2.1 | |
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (nafld) Nonalcoholic | 2.7 | 1.2 | 1.25 |
Obesity | 3 | 2.8 | 0.07 |
obsessive-compulsive disorder | 1.6 | 1.9 | -0.19 |
Osteoarthritis | 1.1 | -1.1 | |
Osteoporosis | 0.8 | 2.2 | -1.75 |
Parkinson's Disease | 2.4 | 1.4 | 0.71 |
Polycystic ovary syndrome | 1.1 | 2.7 | -1.45 |
primary biliary cholangitis | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
Psoriasis | 2.4 | 1 | 1.4 |
rheumatoid arthritis (RA),Spondyloarthritis (SpA) | 3.9 | 3.6 | 0.08 |
Rosacea | 0.5 | -0.5 | |
Schizophrenia | 1.6 | 3 | -0.88 |
scoliosis | 0.8 | 0.8 | |
Sjögren syndrome | 1.9 | 0.8 | 1.37 |
Sleep Apnea | 1.1 | 1.1 | |
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) | 1.1 | -1.1 | |
Stress / posttraumatic stress disorder | 2.2 | 1.1 | 1 |
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus | 1.6 | 3.3 | -1.06 |
Tic Disorder | 2 | 1.3 | 0.54 |
Tourette syndrome | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
Type 1 Diabetes | 1.3 | 2.9 | -1.23 |
Type 2 Diabetes | 3.3 | 4.4 | -0.33 |
Ulcerative colitis | 4.8 | 2.2 | 1.18 |
Unhealthy Ageing | 0.8 | 1 | -0.25 |
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